The parliamentary elections of September 2006 in Sweden saw the conservative bloc win by a small majority over the incumbent government. This conservative and liberal victory also signaled a defeat for social-democracy, which for a long time–“except for a few brief intervals–“was the dominant party in the Swedish political system. Do these results suggest that the end of the social state model is in sight? Will a new party system emerge from the solidity of the understanding between middle-class parties? Finally, what lessons can be drawn from these polls in terms of the resilience of a Swedish model of political and social democracy?