The Nordic peacekeeping model resulted from selection criteria that limited the number of troop contributors to a select group of small and middle-sized countries, from common as well as national interests that made support for UN peacekeeping the rational policy choice, and from the low-cost and high-pay-off nature of the project. Its fall in the 1990s was caused by the vast increase in the number of troop contributors, a strong reluctance to use force beyond self-defense, and the growing involvement of the EU and NATO. A Nordic resurgence would have to be based on civilian contributions. However, the will to establish such cooperation is unlikely to be mobilized in the short term.