Against all expectations, as Chile was passing through a period of apparent political apathy on the part of its social actors as well as an unprecedented crisis of political legitimacy, a brand-new movement emerged in 1998 around demands for justice. However, this movement, which was at first largely expressive, was considered secondary in a context of democratic consolidation in which political stability was presented as the primary goal of democracy. An analysis of the diverse components of this movement for justice as well as its evolution up to 2009 shows the revitalization of collective action in Chile and its channeling into a process of mobilization aimed at the political goals of democratization, culminating in a mobilization for a constitutive assembly (2005–“2009). An analysis of the current themes of collective mobilization in Chile also shows the need to reject the anti-conflict policy established after democracy was reinstated. A comparison with the fight against impunity in Argentina allows for the specificities and new elements in this process of revitalizing collective action and politics in these two countries to be identified.