This paper analyzes changes at work in regional employment policy in France and Belgium. It is based on an analytical model that brings together the main elements of public policy and the reasons for action in economic sectors. Using this model, the authors offer a comparative reading as well as a measure of changes at work in a context of increasing Europeanization, which promotes the greater regionalization of public actions, increased responsibility for individuals, and the development of public-private partnerships for the implementation of public measures.